Service enumeration techniques for penetration testing to gather detailed information about running services, including version detection, banner grabbing, and configuration analysis using Nmap, Netcat, and specialized tools to identify vulnerabilities and attack paths.
This box is exploited using OpenSSL's predictable PRNG to brute-force an SSH key, gaining access as another user. A sudo misconfiguration is then used to modify /etc/passwd, adding a root user, allowing privilege escalation and capturing the final flag.